History of the Seychelles, a summary from 850 AD.

HISTORY OF THE SEYCHELLES

History & History of the Seychelles

Die historische Zusammenfassung, von der Entdeckung, zu den ersten Siedlungen bis heute, den 5. October 2022

Very old Arabic documents already mention around 850 AD the Seychelles. Three men, however, are significant for the actual discovery of the Seychelles. Vasco da Gama, who historically was probably the first to see the Seychelles around 1502. Around 1740, Bertrand François Mahé de La Bourdonnais sent the fleet consisting of the ships Elisabeth and Charles into Indian waters. On board was Captain Lazare Picault, who finally discovered the Seychelles on November 21, 1742, by sailing on the ship named after him. Island L'Île d'Abondance anchored to look for drinking water. The island of Mahé was later renamed after Bertrand François Mahé de La Bourdonnais. This was done in 1744 by Lazare Picault, who wanted to express his gratitude.

c. 850 AD

In an Arabic document the "high islands" are mentioned, which are supposed to be on the other side of the Maldives
961
The first cards showing the so-called "sisters" - the Seychelles - appear

961
1502

Vasco da Gama sighted the outer islands of the Seychelles on the way to India.
1609
The British East India Company lands on Mahé with the ship Ascension.

1609
1742

The occupation by the French, The French captain Lazare Picault discovers the Seychelles for the French and French planters and their African slaves settle in the Seychelles
1744
Lazare Picault names the main island of the Seychelles as Mahé

1744
1756

France expresses claims to the island of Mahé and names the Seychelles in honour of Jean Moreau de Séchelles at.
1770
27 August 1770. Captain Leblanc Lecore brings the first colonists to the Seychelles in his ship, the Thélemaque, consisting of 15 white men, eight Africans and five Indians. The French settle on St Anne.

1770
1778

In today's Victoria on Mahé a small French garrison is established, which is taken over by the inhabitants of the Seychelles around 1790
1794
The British frigate Orpheus, under the command of Captain Henry Newcome, arrived in Mahé on 16 May 1794.

1794
1814

After the Napoleonic wars, the sovereignty over the Seychelles passes to the British, who administer the archipelago from Mauritius
1818
The Seychelles as a British colony, the Seychelles officially become a British colony. They have almost 8000 inhabitants, who are relatively wealthy due to the trade in cotton. Later, due to the falling cotton prices, coconut plantations are established

1818
1835

The history of slavery is officially abolished in the Seychelles
1841
The settlement L'Etablissement - so called by the French - is renamed Victoria

1841
1862

A mudslide claims 70 lives in Victoria
1900
The Seychelles have about 19,000 inhabitants. The main cultivated product is vanilla, furthermore trade is done with copra and cloves

1900
1903

The Seychelles will become an independent crown colony under Governor Sweet-Escott
1914-1918
During the First World War, the population of the Seychelles is undernourished due to the poor supply and economic situation

1914-1918
1926

The islands are supplied with electricity and telephone connections
1930
The political awareness of the population is growing. So they join together in groups such as the League of Coloured People and the Taxpayers' Organisation

1930
1939-1945

In the history of the Second World War, the islands were used to refuel warships
1948
A representation of the people is introduced

1948
1964

The Seychelles People's United Party (SPUP) of France Albert René and the Seychelles Democratic Party (SDP) of Sir James Mancham are founded. The Seychelles independence movement begins. The SPUP with a socialist orientation raises its first call for early independence. The SDP on the other hand advocates closer ties with Great Britain
1967
Universal suffrage is introduced

1967
1970

The constitution is reformed. This sets the course towards independence
1972
The international airport of Mahé is completed and officially opened on March 20, 1972 by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, thus laying the foundation for the prosperity of those working in the tourism industry.

1972
1975

Seychelles retains internal autonomy
1976
Seychelles is granted independence by Britain on 29 June 1976. Under British pressure, a grand coalition is formed. Under a presidential system, Mancham (SDP) becomes President and René (SPUP) Prime Minister.

1976
1977

The Seychelles as a one-party state, On June 5, a coup initiated by René leads to the fall of the strictly pro-Western Mancham. Under the new president René, the republic becomes a socialist one-party state based on the Tanzanian model
1978
The SPUP is renamed the Seychelles People's Progressive Front (SPPF) and transformed into a socialist unity party

1978
1979

The system of the one-party state is laid down in a new constitution
1981
A coup attempt by cloaked mercenaries fails

1981
1982

Tanzanian troops quell an uprising within the military
1984
Albert René's second term of office begins. In the same year, the Seychelles, Mauritius and Madagascar join together to form the Indian Ocean Commission (IOC) together. In the IOC, regulations are made to promote trade, tourism and fisheries

1984
1989

Seychelles was still a one-party state where the SPPF was the only party allowed. All candidates had to be candidates of the party. Therefore, there was no real victory for Albert Rene in this election, as he was the only candidate. Albert Rene nevertheless entered his third term. A gradual liberalization begins
1991
The return to the multi-party system, with district elections in December, shows the loss of confidence in the SPPF. The party congress decides to restore the multi-party system.

1991
1993

In June, the third Seychelles Constitution comes into force. The National Assembly is expanded to 34 members. Albert René is again the winner of the July elections. Thus his fourth term of office begins.
1996
A constitutional amendment will regulate the succession of President Albert René. The office of Vice-President is created, to be taken over by James Michel, who was previously Minister of Finance, Defence and Communications

1996
1997

Seychelles joins the Southern African Development Community (SADC)
1998
The SPPF wins the elections by an overwhelming majority and receives 30 of the total. 34 seats in parliament. The fifth term of office of Albert René begins. He is re-elected with 67% of votes

1998
1999

Seychelles joins the Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Co-operation (IORARC)
2001
Albert René wins the early presidential elections in September with only 54% of votes left. His rival candidate Ramkalawan receives 45%.

2001
2002

The SPPF wins the parliamentary elections in December. It receives 54% of the votes and 23 of the total. 34 seats in parliament. The opposition party receives 43% and 11 seats
2004
On 14 April 2004, James Alix Michel took over the office of President prematurely, previously held by Albert René, who resigned for health reasons in March 2004. James Michel is thus the 3rd President of the Seychelles

2004
2004

The severe tsunami of December 2004 also reached the Seychelles and caused great damage. There were no fatalities
2006
The People's Progressive Front, which has been in power for 30 years, is elected for another five years with 54%. James Michel remains president. The opposition party, the Seychelles National Party led by the Anglican priest Wavel Ramkalawan, achieves 46 percent

2006
2007

Seychelles rejoins the SADC regional community
2008
The Seychelles Rupee is freely convertible since September 2008. All payments in the Seychelles can therefore be made in this currency. The state has been considered insolvent since mid-2008. Within the framework of Operation Atalanta to secure sea routes against pirates operating mainly from Somalia, the EU supports the Seychelles in building up its own coastal protection

2008
2009

In the Gulf of Aden, international patrols have increased, so that pirates have placed their activities off the Seychelles. The warships of Operation Atalanta are now to operate as far as the Seychelles. This is necessary because the pirates are moving further and further away from the coastal waters, it is said
2010
The Seychelles open their own university. Previously, students had to go overseas for higher education. Many stayed there. With its own university, the island state hopes to stop the "brain drain". The Unisey - as the new university is called - works in cooperation with the University of London, the Sorbonne in Paris and institutes from India and Australia to offer a wide range of studies

2010
2011

In the elections, 66-year-old James Michel wins against three competitors. It is his second term in office. The elections were fair. James Michel promises to further improve the economic situation and strengthen good governance in his second term of office
2012
In May, the Seychelles East Africa System (SEAS) cable, which connects the island archipelago to the global fibre optic data network, reached the Seychelles on the west coast in Beau Vallon. This project by the government and two local telephone companies will significantly stimulate the service sector, but also the other sectors of the Seychelles economy: Internet availability will increase while costs will fall compared to the current satellite-based system

2012
2013

As part of the modernisation course, the government is focusing on renewable energies: This year, wind turbines are to supply the first electricity. The island of Silhouette is added to the UNESCO tentative list of sites suitable for possible World Heritage status
2015
In the presidential election in December 2015, President James Michel ran for re-election, but failed to achieve an absolute majority in the first round of voting. He narrowly won the subsequent runoff election against Ramkalawan with 50.15 percent of the valid votes.

2015
2016

The economy has recovered and Seychelles has the highest per capita income of all African countries (as of 2016). On May 18th 2016 the Parliament of the Seychelles voted for an end to the criminalisation of homosexual acts by men, thus lifting the ban on same-sex love. On 27th September 2016, after the praise of the new Parliament in the morning, in which the opposition has the majority for the first time, President James Michel resigned with effect from 16th October. He was succeeded in office by his party colleague Danny Faure, who was previously Vice-President. Danny Antoine Rollen Faure is the 4th President of the Republic of Seychelles since 16 October 2016.
2017
James Mancham, the first President of the Seychelles, died in the Seychelles on 8 January 2017 at the age of 77. In the 2017 press freedom ranking published by Reporters Without Borders, Seychelles ranks 87th out of 180 countries. The population of Seychelles on 31 December 2017 was 95,821

2017
2018

In May 2018, the annual inflation rate was 3.59% compared to 3.18% in May 2017. The party - Party Lepep renames itself United Seychelles
2019
France-Albert René, the second President of the Seychelles, died in the Seychelles at the age of 83 on 27 February 2019.

2019
May 2020
The gross domestic product (nominal) in 2019 was approximately USD 1.65 billion or slightly more than USD 17,127 per capita, putting Seychelles in 53rd place worldwide and first out of 54 countries in Africa. GDP growth in 2019 was 3,57%.
2020
The corona virus (COVID-19) has so far left only a few traces in the Seychelles. By July 2020 there were only 118 infections, no deaths.

2020
26.10.2020

Wavel Ramkalawan (59) is the new President of the Seychelles. With an electoral quota of 54.9%, 35,562 voters voted for him in the first round of voting. The former opposition party LDS now forms the government and provides the president. 25 seats are represented in parliament by the LDS and 10 seats by the United Seychelles.
Historie Stand: 5. October 2022

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